1st force reconnaissance company

Additionally, as separate units, the FORECON are not part of 4th Reconnaissance Battalion, which is itself a separate unit reporting directly to the 4th MarDiv CG. 1st Force Recon Company was deactivated 26 October 2006 and the majority of the personnel were used to create 1st Marine Special Operations Battalion.[1]. [14], The Reconnaissance/Surveillance Section of the Weapons Planning Group, Landing Force Development Center at Quantico introduced Force Recon to new technological methods of achieving their objective. Threat Weapons include assault, automatic and mobilized weapons. To be a Recon Marine is to surpass failure; To overcome, to adapt and to do whatever it takes to complete the mission. [15], During the Vietnam War, one of the reconnaissance officers of Code 121, then-Major Alex Lee, brought most of his testing experience to 3rd Force Reconnaissance Company when he was assigned as the commanding officer from 1969 to 1970. The wind caused him to drift onto two levels of high-tension electrical wires. UNITED STATES ARMY SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Shortly, they were joined by the platoon that had come in country with 1/26. 1st Battalion 24th Marine Regiment Anti-Tank Training Company Truck Company 3rd Force Reconnaissance Company 4th Assault Amphibian Battalion 4th Combat Engineer Battalion 4th Force. A Recon Marine can speak without saying a word and achieve what others can only imagine. The Korean War introduced the new concept of using rotary-wing aircraft to the Marine Corps in combat employment for logistics and rapid troop transport. In 2006, as part of the reorganization under MARSOC, both companies were . Those assigned to the T-Cell are all highly trained and experienced operators. General Alfred M. Gray, the 29th Commandant of the Marine Corps, pioneered a Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) (SOC) concept in 1987 and reactivated 1st, 2nd and 5th Force Reconnaissance Companies to support these newly formed MAGTFs with direct action raids and reconnaissance operations. A month later in January, 1st FORECON met the same fate. Force Fires Package Gives the Marines a working knowledge of, Mobile Reconnaissance Package Covers operating and maintaining the, Advanced Airborne Package Extremely important to Force Recon for inserting Marines behind enemy lines. On Sept. 21, 1962, at Camp Pendleton, then-Staff Sgt. The Mission Training Plan has five phases, and is based on a two-year platoon cycle. These are parachutes that are still contained in the T/E of the Parachute Loft, however some may not be currently in use: The Parachutist Individual Equipment Kit (PIEK) contains all the Force Recon's parachutist clothing and equipment assigned by Force Recon's Paraloft. They operate at such great distances that they are beyond the boundaries, or fan, of any artillery and/or naval gunfire support (NGFS); unlike their Division Recon brethren, whose operations are primarily within the artillery and gunfire support fan. Exceeding beyond the limitations set down by others shall be my goal. Two teams infiltrated the Mogadishu port facility, established observation positions at the Mogadishu airport, and supported a raid company from 1st Battalion, 7th Marines with fire support. Seal of the 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of, Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) MEU(SOC), United States Marine Corps Total Force Structure Management System. Reunited, what was left of the three platoons, returned to Phu Bai to await the arrival of the company(-). This is to ensure that vital information can always be sent to the commander, and to the S-3/S-6 shop, or similar intelligence collection agencies. Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC), History of Army Corps of Engineers Projects: Missile and Space Programs to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, How 80 Coast Guardsmen Saved an Alaskan Town During Spanish Flu Pandemic of 1919, 100th Anniversary of the American Aircraft Carrier, Digital Magazine, Command Failure: Lloyd Fredendall and the Battle of Kasserine Pass, Tactical Napping and Other Tips to Sleep Well On Deployment, Warrior Transition Units Become Soldier Recovery Units, SB-1 Defiant Expands Flight Envelope | Video, Top Military Shots DEC 13, 2019 | Photo Gallery, Top Military Shots Oct 18, 2019 | Photo Gallery, National K-9 Veterans Day | Photo Gallery, Top Military Shots DEC 5, 2019 | Photo Gallery, Top Military Shots Nov 15, 2019 | Photo Gallery, Top Military Shots Oct 24, 2019 | Photo Gallery. By the end of January, they finished their recon operations in Thailand and sailed for Vietnam for the planned amphibious landings in March 1965. 1st Force Recon Company was deactivated 26 October 2006 and the majority of the . Nonetheless, in the past, selected operators within Force Recon had attended the courses of instructions provided by BUD/S Instructors and their completion is documented in their military Service Record Book (SRB) or Officer Qualification Record (OQR). Everyone thought he would take medical retirement. It's been ten short years since a small group of infantrymen and Force Reconnaissance Marines waded through waves of fire to clear a town of the evil men that infested it. The versatility of FORECON is demonstrated when missions quickly turn, planned or not, from a deep reconnaissance patrol to a direct action engagement.[2]. Combat Trauma Package Examination of first aid and medical treatment that can prepare Marines in many realistic scenarios where Marines can become casualties. They are the opposite of green operations missions, where the Force Recon operators "look for trouble." At first, the concept was to be formed into a "Force Recon Battalion"this battalion would have as many 'force recon' companies as there were division-wing MAGTFs in the Marine operating forces. It allows them carry various configurations of all their individual mission-essential equipment, usually contained within their Flyer's Kitbag. [25], In 20052006, 1st Force Recon Company, augmented with platoons from 3d and 4th Reconnaissance BN, participated in the Operation Iraqi Freedom. With stunt parachutist and Marine Corps reservist Jacques-Andr Istel, 1st Force Recon pioneered the free-fall HALO (High Altitude-Low Opening) parachuting technique in 1958 that allowed for a more secure and accurate insertion of a deep reconnaissance team. The Force Recon platoon provided embassy reinforcement and security for the MEU forward command element.[14][15]. It appears that all non-Russian helicopters in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare are operated by the United States, particularly the USMC. the accession pipeline, are reserved for the candidates. But Hamblen didnt want to just remain a Marine, he wanted to return to Force Recon. Third Force continued that operational commitment until the Third Division left country in November 1969. Hamblen, who served in Vietnam, became the first Marine to go into combat wearing a prothesis. In many cases, foreign maritime forces alike participate in joint exercises or training maneuvers, such as the Royal Thai Marine Corps, British Royal Marines, and Australian Forces. Also, the atomic age was emerging and caused concern among the military leaders. More importantly, they have spent 6 months of 'platoon-oriented' training together. After the creation of Marine Special Operations Command (MARSOC) on August 11, 2006, it marked the United States Marine Corps' first commitment to the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). Since that time, the Marine Corps has also stood up Force Reconnaissance Company, III MEF in Okinawa, Japan. Beacons for helicopter guidance, laser designators for the guidance of ordnance, laser rangefinders, and many more were tested. Returning to North Carolina in March, final preparations were carried out to meet the projected deployment date in May 1966. [10], Jones and his recon Marines scouted the Japanese-fortified beaches and observed the terrain, materials or other entities, primarily reporting to the force commander of any vital intelligence of mission-oriented importance. The unit's first major missions took place during the Vietnam War, include the reconnoitering of Cam Ranh Bay to determine its . The Vietnam War was where 1st Force Recon conducted their first combat operations. 3rd Force Reconnaissance Company was activated, trained, fought, and deactivated during the Vietnam War. This new-found capability gave reconnaissance Marines the advantage of operating further behind enemy lines.[12]. Experienced FORECON operators within T-Cell monitor, evaluate and improve the training to ensure that exercises meet real-world conditions. The Marine candidates who had passed the initial yet vigorous indoctrination exam must undergo and complete a series of courses required for the designated MOS 0326 [formerly 8654], "Reconnaissance Marine, Parachutist/Combatant Diver Qualified," known as the 'accession pipeline.'. Il faudrait changer le lien d'accs au forum pour les nouveaux .. Valve Corporation. [1] [better source needed] The unit is believed to have become part of JSOC . The Force Recon series of books by James V. Smith follows a quartet of Force Recon Marines known as Team Midnight. 1st Force Recon Company's table of organization consisted of a headquarters and service platoon and six Force Reconnaissance platoons. The obsolete pathfinding operations were taken over by the newer beacons and homing devices.[15]. The United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance detachments, or FORECON, operate in deep reconnaissance, direct action, and the control of supporting arms; to convey military intelligence beyond the means of a commander's area of influence on the battlefield. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company | 357 seguidores en LinkedIn. Many Marines from the amphib recon company and 1st Reconnaissance Battalion augmented the new Fleet Marine Force-level reconnaissance capabilities to force commanders. They had numerous parachutes listed under the Table of Equipment (T/E) that had been contained in the Paraloft. "13th MEU". Force Reconnaissance- 2d Reconnaissance Battalion. MARSOC now has its own separate training pipeline. Article by: Patrick A. Rogers The Marine Corps 1st Force Reconnaissance Company The following is the second part of a 3 part article spanning 4 issues of The Accurate Rifle. Force Recon companies continue to operate and focus primarily on direct action, intelligence gathering and maritime raid operations in the visit, board, search, and seizure (VBSS) role. Marine Administrative Message (MARADMIN) 417/07. at their disposal since they were greatly outnumbered and isolated from other major Marine forces, which were still embarked on the destroyer-transport ships.[6]. Their mission was to collect any enemy intelligence in the mountain approaches to the Marines area of operation along the border of Laos. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company conducts deep reconnaissance and direct action raids in support of I Marine Expeditionary Force requirements across the range of military operations to include crisis response, expeditionary operations and major combat operations. But while they may be training, the MEU are capable of projecting fully forward deployed operational task forces. It continues to provide I Marine Expeditionary Force and its subordinate MAGTFs with Corps level reconnaissance, battlespace shaping and direct action raids. The 24th MEU 2nd Force Reconnaissance Company won the 2010 Annual Warrior Competition against tactical units from all over the world.[21][22]. This long deployment is known as the 'Deployment Phases' to Force Recon, they sail from either three locations, off the east or west coast, or Okinawa. [12][failed verification] The company patrolled the area north of Highway nine to the DMZ, while the Battalion Company was targeted south of Highway Nine to the Thua Thien border. La phase 1 forme et value les stagiaires dans les comptences de base requises pour tous les Raiders marines. [2] In 2008 Delta Company, 1st Recon Company was redesignated the I MEF Force Reconnaissance Company and given its own Marine Command Code (MCC). The second phase of the MTP also takes place during the MEU's PTP Initial Training Phase. Activated on June 19, 1957, 1st Force Recon, as it is popularly known, until 1965 was the only unit within the Department of Defense (DoD) organized and trained to conduct deep reconnaissance missions. MAG-TASK FORCE /X-RAYHEADQUARTERS, TACTICAL OPERATION CENTERBASE CAMP PENDLETON, CALIFORNIA, USA_______________________________________________________________InformationAnciennement 82nd Airborne Division, des suites de la runion entre le cadre administratif de la Marine Air-Ground Task Force/ X-Ray de la semaine 01, nous avons convenu une date d'ouverture dfinitive de la structure portant ainsi sur une possible ouverture de la cellule d'enrlement et de recrutement de celle-ci dans les prochaines heures qui suivront cette information.En effet, depuis son premier engagement au sein de la communaut franaise du jeu de simulation ArmA III, le cadre administratif essaye de fournir tous ses personnels une exprience unique en terme de facteurs de responsabilits ainsi que de proposer un contexte de jeu des plus ralistes ainsi qu'unique que notre communaut n'ait encore jamais vue et atteindre jusqu' maintenant. Then they sail on a six-month deployment. Join to view profile 1st Force Reconnaissance Company . Due to these changes, FORECON has been detached and reported to multiple commanders of Marine divisions, the Command Elements (CE) of the Marine Air-Ground Task Forces, and the immediate commander of the Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF). Force Recon will train with other Special Operations forces, such as United States Navy SEALs, United States Army Special Forces, and United States Air Force Pararescue, in order to master all skill sets. During the late 1990s and early 2000s, 1st Force Recon Company trained in a variety of locations during their Unit Training Phase. In November 1965, 2nd Platoon was attached to the Special Forces detachment A-106 at Ba To. This caused him to swing into contact with the lower wires that carried 12,000 volts. During the "Individual Training Phase", the candidates are undergoing the accession pipeline to become qualified MOS 0321 (Reconnaissance Marine). [7], By 1958, approximately half of the 1st Force Reconnaissance Company was reassigned and transferred to Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina to form the 2nd Force Reconnaissance Company; under command of Joseph Z. Taylor, promoted to Major.[5]. Horizontal & Vertical Cargo Carrier Securing Straps. What makes Force Recon unique from Division Recon, and the other SOFs, is the career style that is being placed in the Force Recon company structure. Sergeant Major, 1st Reconaissance Battalion Sergeant Major Hernandez enlisted in the Marine Corps on 29 March 2000 and attended Recruit Training at MCRD San Diego, California. Force Recon teams located enemy armored units and utilized artillery and Close Air Support to interdict them[17], In 1993 7th Platoon deployed with the 15th MEU and conducted amphibious reconnaissance along the Somali coastline. Each company is commanded by a company commander and his executive officer. The logistics element arrive at the "Ramp" at Dong Ha just in time for the opening salvos of the NVA artillery attacks that would continue daily until late Autumn. La condition physique, la natation et le combat au corps corps sont mis en valeur dans un programme conu autour de l'endurance, de la forme physique et de l'entranement amphibie. Force Reconnaissance Company is 1st Reconnaissance Battalions designated unit for all of 1RB's Special Operations capable personnel. For the album by Virus, see, For information regarding the preliminary training (selection and indoctrination) of Force Recon, see, For information on the general equipment of reconnaissance Marines, see, United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance. Skip to main content (Press Enter). On the battlefield, as in all areas of life, I shall stand tall above the competition. Prior to the deactivation, General James Mattis, the MEF Commanding General at the time, transferred two Force Recon platoons to 1st Reconnaissance Battalion and activated the Deep Reconnaissance Company. La 3rd Force Reconnaissance Company a pour mission d'effectuer des reconnaissances pr-assaut et post-assaut lointaines pour l'appui d'une force de dbarquement. Plus, it was formed to modulate between the LLSL and MFF without having to consort to a different pack. Key Hole patrols were designed purely around reconnaissance and surveillance; usually lightly equipped and armed with defensive weaponsevasive techniques were employed to break contact from the enemy should the need arise, avoiding contact with the enemy was paramount. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company conducts deep reconnaissance and direct action raids in support of I Marine Expeditionary Force requirements across the range of military operations to include crisis response, expeditionary operations and major combat operations. 1st Force Recon CO Addresses New Recon Marines by SOFREP May 5, 2015 Share This: Major Byron Owen, the CO of 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, recently addressed BRC Class 3-15. All the observers thought he would put forth a good effort, but fail. In the past, early Force Reconnaissance companies in the Marine Corps had made numerous titular changes to its table of organization (T/O), so much so that it can be difficult to describe its primary command structure in detail. This package is built for Marines to give them confidence and knowledge to apply medical attention to themselves or others while operating in hazard environments whether they are engaged in combat or not. 1201013185. By early May 1965, the 2nd Platoon had joined 1st Platoon with the Subordinate Unit #1 and both platoons were assigned to the United States Special Forces A-Team, A-103, conducting specialized reconnaissance and combat raiding missions. Recognizing the limited budget during the fiscal year of 1957, it was instead recommended that it be formed at company-sized elements for the west and east coast. However, what began as a 'keyhole' patrol could become a 'stingray' patrol with little warning. I can't believe it's been ten years since the Battle of Shewan. The next day, the battalion cased its colors and redesignated it as 1st Force Reconnaissance Company. Although Jones's Marines were all skilled surface swimmers, they usually inserted by boatsmostly due to the multiple radios (primary and contingent) they carried, as relaying communication to the landing force commander was paramount, and as a timely means of sending in a platoon-sized element with heavy firepower (mortars, machineguns, etc.) Pendant la guerre du Vit Nam, les quipes des compagnies Force Recon furent surtout employes pour patrouiller la zone des Marines dans le nord du pays pour y dtecter les mouvements du Vit Cong et les frapper en commandant des attaques d'artillerie ou ariennes. At the conclusion of Hastings the detachment was attached to Third Reconnaissance Battalion that had just arrived in Phu Bai from DaNang, having been replaced by the First Reconnaissance Battalion that had just begun arriving with the First Marine Division. Die Ursprnge der Force Reconnaissance liegen in den Experimenten mit einer spezialisierten Aufklrungseinheit des USMC in Camp Pendleton auerhalb von San Diego, Kalifornien, im Jahr 1954.Drei Jahre spter wurde dieses Team in die bereits bestehende amphibische Aufklrungskompanie integriert und die 1st Force Reconnaissance Company formiert. No better example exists of the kind of Marine it took to be a 1st Force Recon Marine (or, for that matter, any Force Recon Marine) than Donald Hamblen, who retired with the rank of first sergeant in 1970 after serving 20 years in the Marine Corps. He formed Force Recon's missions that are still distinct today: remote sensor operations. No True Glory: Fallujah and the Struggle in Iraq: A Frontline Account by Bing West, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Streamer, United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance Mission Training Plan, "1St Force Recon Company Deactivates Marine Corps Association", "Force Reconnaissance Marine Corps Association", "Marine Corps Special Operations: A Brief History The History Reader", "1st Force Reconnaissance Company Defense Media Network", "Strong Men Armed: The Marine Corps 1st Force Reconnaissance Company by Patrick A. Rogers", "Marine Force Recon in Vietnam and the Killer Kane Operations Defense Media Network", "U.S. Marines In Afghanistan, 20012002: From the sea", "MEU(SOC)s in OEF-A Special Operations Forces and Operation Enduring Freedom Defense Media Network", "U.S. Marines In Iraq, 20042005: Into the fray", "USATODAY.com Marine recon teams have risky role as first forces into Iraq", "USATODAY.com War plan often rapidly adjusted, posing greater risks for U.S. Marines", "15th MEU (SOC) Marines 'withdraw' 14 million Iraqi dinar at Nasiriyah", "The Covert War: Secretive trio discuss role in Lynch rescue", "U.S. Marines In Iraq, 20042008: Anthology And Annotated Bibliography", Marine widow travels to Vietnam and finds her MIA husband's F-4 jet crash site who was supporting 1st Force Recon, Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, Seapower and Projection Forces subcommittee, United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1st_Force_Reconnaissance_Company&oldid=1117503388, United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance, Companies of the United States Marine Corps, Wikipedia references cleanup from February 2012, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from February 2012, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles needing additional references from February 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with failed verification from February 2021, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Marine Corps, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, MET 1: Plan, coordinate and conduct amphibious / ground reconnaissance and surveillance to observe, identify and report enemy activity, and collect other information of military significance, MET 2: Conduct specialized reconnaissance. Deep reconnaissance, also known as green operations, include amphibious reconnaissance; deep ground reconnaissance; battlespace shaping; and covert surveillance. A combined patrol from Ba To was attacked on the night of Dec. 16, 1965, and three Marines, a Green Beret sergeant, and 10 members of the Civilian Irregular Defense Group (CIDG) were killed. By February 2006, 2nd FORECON deactivated its command. [7] The company departed South Vietnam in August 1970. Marine Corps Warfighting Program (MCWP) 2.15.1, MCO 3502.3A, Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) Predeployment Training Program, United States Marine Corps Reconnaissance Battalions, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, "United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance", Learn how and when to remove this template message, United States Marine Corps Reconnaissance Battalions Mission, Special Personnel Insertion and Extraction, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Intelligence Group, United States Marine Corps Reconnaissance Selection and Indoctrination, United States Marine Corps Reconnaissance Selection and Indoctrination Accession Pipeline, US Marine Corps Schools of Infantry (East or West), United States Marine Corps School of Infantry (West), Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape (SERE) [Level "C"], United States Marine Corps Combatant Diver Course, John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, U.S. Army Reconnaissance and Surveillance Leaders Course, Special Operations Peculiar Modification kit, United States Marine Corps Reconnaissance Battalions Table of Equipment, Special Operations Peculiar Modification (SOPMOD), Combat Integrated Releasable Armor System, The Dark Pictures Anthology: House of Ashes, "Organization of Marine Corps Forces MCRP 5-12D", "2nd MSOB activates, Force Recon evolves", "1st MSOB stand up marks evolution of 1st Force Recon", "NAVMC 3500.55B, Reconnaissance (Recon) Training and Readiness (T&R) Manual", "A-TAC 'The Essentials' Rescue Swimmer/BUDs Training Gear Pack", "Generation Kill: An Iraq drama with a difference from the makers of The Wire", "Shooter | Cast Interview: Ryan Phillippe", "Netflix Original Series 'Marvel's The Punisher' Announces Three New Cast Members", "Punisher - War Zone: Punisher Training Camp", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_Marine_Corps_Force_Reconnaissance&oldid=1136511987, 835 (consisting of five 167-member companies: three active duty (one in each, Long-range Communications, radio and SATCOM, Man Pack Secondary Imagery Dissemination System (MPSIDS), AN/PEQ-1A Special Operations Forces Laser Marker (SOFLAM), Initial terminal guidance (ITG)setting up/preparing landing zones (LZ) and. This argument becomes clear on whether Marines may, or may not, actually attend the Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL training (BUD/S). But that determination has to come from within. [5], This six-month training phase emphasizing more in the direct action, or "black operations". By early May 1965, two platoons were assigned to U.S. Special Forces A-Team, A-103, conducting specialized reconnaissance and combat raiding missions. In October 2008, by the direction of the Commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC), the D companies within both 1st and 2nd Reconnaissance Battalions were redesignated as "Force Reconnaissance" companies and assigned operational control to the Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF) accordingly, particularly the I MEF and II MEF. The Training Cell (T-Cell) is regulated by the experienced staff non-commissioned officers (SNCOs) of FMF Recon company's Operations Section (S-3). The new arrivals were integrated with combat veterans and the entire eighteen teams conducted a zone reconnaissance in the Cobi Than Tan Valley east of Hue City before displacing to Dong Ha. Physical fitness, mental attitude, and high ethicsThe title of Recon Marine is my honor. Although Force Recon has never been part of the United States Special Operations Command, their missions slightly differentiate them from other United States Special Operations Forces units. The operational element experienced a mortar attack in Phu Bai at the same time resulting in several shrapnel wounds, only one of which, required evacuation. While Force Recon is afloat, they still remain focused on their self-disciplined training sessions. Conquering all obstacles, both large and small, I shall never quit. "War Pig" - Escort of the Abrams tank War Pig. Hamblen took his 215th parachute jump. - January 18, 2022, Members of the 1st Force Reconnaissance Company in Vietnam. [citation needed]. An additional and no less important advantage to the T-Cell is that it acts as a training ground for future platoon sergeants. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, I MEF, Assistant Team Leader San Diego County, California, United States. The last two Force Recon Company platoons (4th and 5th) arrived in June 1965. The remainder of the company was ordered to move to Camp Pendleton to refit. Training is ongoing and continuous, and functions as if it were a loop. 6 talking about this. The III MEF is the only MEF of the FMF that is permanently fully deployed at all times. Third Force was placed under command of The Third Marine Expeditionary Force and operated in general support of IIId MAF until deactivated in mid-1970. These practices subsequently became contemporary as deep reconnaissance or green operations; and direct action, which are known as black operations. Les vrais anctres de la Force Recon sont, cependant, des units de la Seconde Guerre mondiale (Amphibious Reconnaissance Company puis Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion dans le Pacifique Centre), units qui faisaient des reconnaissances de nuit en embarcations lgres avant les dbarquements du Pacifique[2].

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