aortic root size indexed to bsa calculator

There were no differences between athletes and controls when the aortic diameter was indexed for BSA (15.52.0 mm/m 2 (range 8.5-26.0 mm/m 2) . Normal limits in relation to age, body size and gender of two-dimensional echocardiographic aortic root dimensions in persons 15 years of age. Overall, the predictive accuracy for aortic valve events was virtually identical for AVA and AVAindex in the SEAS population (mean follow-up of 46 months; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.67 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.70) vs. 0.68 (CI 0.65 to 0.71) (NS). The results of their multivariable analysis showed valve dimensions correlate poorly to body size variables, specifically BSA (r = 0.01 for aortic valves and r = 0.10 for pulmonary valves . National Library of Medicine The function of the normal sinuses is to prevent occlusion of the coronary artery ostia during systole when the aortic valve opens. Two-dimensional measurements of the AR were made at end-diastole in parasternal long-axis views at 4 levels: (1) annulus (defined echocardiographically as the hinge points of the aortic cusps), (2) sinuses of Valsalva, (3) sinotubular junction, and (4) proximal ascending aorta. Results: JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. Indexing of aortic root diameters to BSA had a reverse effect and revealed significantly larger aortic root diameters for women (Table 2 ). Colored area represents upper and lower limits of normal, with the equation for the former (ULN) shown below each plot. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. Clinical Topics: Cardiac Surgery, Invasive Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention, Noninvasive Imaging, Prevention, Vascular Medicine, Aortic Surgery, Cardiac Surgery and Arrhythmias, Interventions and Imaging, Interventions and Vascular Medicine, Keywords: Aneurysm, Dissecting, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic, Aortic Rupture, Body Size, Body Surface Area, Body Weight, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Diagnostic Imaging, Dissection, Risk, Secondary Prevention, Vascular Diseases. oculus quest 2 floor level too high Click To Call Now (270) 478-5489; battle of the bulge ww2 quizlet The .gov means its official. The absolute aortic diameters were significantly greater in men than in women at all levels, whereas body surface areaindexed aortic diameters were greater in women (p= 0.0001). 2014 Jul-Aug;57(1):47-54. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2014.05.006. From: 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM, A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known, = 0.0235 x height (cm) 0.42246 x weight (kg) 0.51456, =square root (( height (cm) x weight (kg))/ 3600). Find out what the changes mean for you. PB00if;'\kap P a!9al'tiBW PK ! 2021 Sep 20;22(10):1142-1148. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa295. Results: Bookshelf Multiple regression analysis for aortic diameters in relation to age, gender, body mass index, weight, and height was applied. Epub 2014 May 20. Measurements were obtained perpendicular to the long axis of the aorta using the leading edge technique in views showing the largest aortic diameters. In international guidelines, risk estimation for thoracic ascending aortic aneurysm (TAAA) is based on aortic diameter. Three BP measurements were obtained from the right arm with a mercury manometer, and the results were averaged to determine systolic and diastolic BPs. Careers. Aortic Stenosis: New Insights in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention. Allometric scaling approach for normalization was applied. Measurements, indexed separately by BSA and by height, included the aortic annulus, sinuses of Valsalva, and sinotubular junction. This group previously published data that used aortic diameter indexed to BSA as a more patient-specific predictor of risk. All rights reserved. Cassottana P, Badano L, Piazza R, Copello F. Wenzel JP, Petersen E, Nikorowitsch J, Senftinger J, Sinning C, Theissen M, Petersen J, Reichenspurner H, Girdauskas E. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. Unit 204 Results from 88 thoracic and 110 abdominal contrast material-enhanced CT examinations were analyzed in children without known cardiovascular disease who ranged in age from 0 to 20 years (mean, 9.9 years; standard deviation, 5.7), with BSA ranging from 0.19 to 2.52 m 2.Excellent interrater reliability was present (correlation coefficients ranged from 0.95 to 0.98). The major problem of the MMode is that perpendicular orientation to the left atrium may not be possible. Singh M, Sethi A, Mishra AK, Subrayappa NK, Stapleton DD, Pellikka PA. J Am Heart Assoc. Accurate measurements of the aortic annulus and root are important for guiding therapeutic decisions regarding the need for aortic surgery. Background To account for differences in body size in patients with aortic stenosis, aortic valve area (AVA) is divided by body surface area (BSA) to calculate indexed AVA (AVA index ). Web at an aortic root size in the small normal range of 2.0 to 2.4 cm, the prevalence of aortic regurgitation was 0% to 15%. Normal limits in relation to age, body size and gender of two-dimensional echocardiographic aortic root dimensions in persons 15 years of age. The Bland-Altman analysis gave a 95% confidence interval of 4.1 1.1% for the aortic annulus, 3.9 1.1% for the sinuses of Valsalva, 4.1 1.1% for the sinotubular junction, and 4.8 1.3% for the maximum diameter of the proximal ascending aorta. The subjects underwent voluntary (or for work abilityassessment) full screening for cardiovascular disease including a questionnaire about medical history, use of medications, cardiovascular risk factors, and lifestyle habits (alcohol intake, smoking, and physical activity). The site is secure. Berthelot-Richer M, Pibarot P, Capoulade R, Dumesnil JG, Dahou A, Thebault C, Le Ven F, Clavel MA. Two-tailed p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. In addition, 23 of the initial subjects investigated refused to be included in the echocardiographic protocol. Aortic dimensions now indexed for height and not BSA Should be obtained in end-diastole using inner-edge to inner-edge method Whereas previously there were different reference ranges for aortic dimensions according to age, the Society now produces age-independent ranges for men and women Read the guideline Poster orders official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Exponents b and c (respectively for weight and height) were found to be significantly different than unity for all 4 AR diameters and gender exponent ( Table5 ). The aorta is the main trunk of the arterial system, carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the body. Based on these results, an aortic diameter-to-patient height ratio of 2.43 cm/m indicates lower risk, 2.44-3.17 cm/m indicates moderate risk warranting close radiographic follow-up, 3.21-4.06 cm/m indicates high risk, and 4.1 cm/m represents severe risk. Z-scores of the aortic root (aortic annulus, sinuses of Valsalva, sinotubular junction, and ascending aorta) are Richard B Devereux, Richard Cooper, Alan Weder, Todd B Seto, Craig Hanis, Thomas H Mosley, Jr, D C Rao, Donna K Arnett. 2012 Oct 15;110(8):1189-94. However, reported ranges of AR normal dimensions are limited by small sample size, different measurement sites, and heterogeneous cohorts. 2021 Mar;34(3):286-300. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2020.11.004. Cuspidi C, Facchetti R, Bombelli M, Seravalle G, Grassi G, Mancia G. Clin Res Cardiol. Population-based . The aortic size index (ASI) is defined as the AD divided by BSA. The aorta begins at the aortic valve, where it branches off from the left ventricle of the heart. To determine whether we were allowed to calculate common scaling exponents for the whole group of men and women, gender was included as a dummy variable in the analysis. Upon dissection watch: Location of dissection In 1,207 apparently normal subjects 15 years old (54% women), aortic root diameter was 2.1 to 4.3 cm. Aortic dimensions decrease from sinuses of Valsalva to the descending aorta. The following model wasfitted: log(diameter)= log a+ b log(weight)+ c log(height)+ d sex (coded 1 for men and 2 for women) or, in its exponential form: diameter= a weight b height c sex d . Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. We seek to evaluate the height-based . Size-adjusted aortic valve area: refining the definition of severe aortic stenosis. 2012 Oct 15;110(8):1189- 94. Design. Results. Residuals of observed aortic diameters versus those predicted by multivariate models were calculated, and their relations to age, gender, body size (weight, height, or BSA) were assessed. The Gorlin equation. Data are presented as the mean SD, median, and twenty-fifth and seventy-fifth percentiles. This was done by applying a black flood-fill to the background of the graph image, and software implementation of Hough Transform, with the expectation of finding filled circles. You're still going to find the same useful information here. The aim of this study was to explore the full spectrum. Keywords: The aortic annulus was measured at mid-systole using the inner edge to inner edge method. LaBounty TM, Kolias TJ, Bossone E, Bach DS. Aortic root dimensions indexed by annulus. BMI or BSA formulas can be used for body size, BSA was chosen as the adjusting body size variable for all subsequent analyses. . Devereux RB, de Simone G, Arnett DK, Best LG, Boerwinkle E, Howard BV, Kitzman D, Lee ET, Mosley TH Jr, Weder A, Roman MJ. Epub 2021 Dec 14. Normal Aortic Dimensions: From A-to-Z Score. The aim of this study was to explore the full spectrum of AR diameters by 2-dimensional transthoracic color Doppler echocardiography (TTE) in a large cohort of healthy adults. MeSH 2019 Nov;32(11):1396-1406.e2. BSA: m 2; LV Long Axis Z-Score: Aortic Root Z-Score: Score: The result gives the predicted difference in percent survival for Norwood minus . The primary aim of this study was to investigate if ASI is a predictor of development AAA, and to compare the predictive impact of ASI to that of the absolute AD. height has been suggested to be the most impor-tant determinant of aortic root size compared with BSA or weight (4-6). Both non-indexed and indexed aortic root diameters increased significantly with increasing age in males and females (Supplement Table 5). Twenty anaesthetized young pigs, 42 2 (standard deviation) kg on standardized tepid cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were randomized (10 per group) to depolarizing or polarizing cardiac arrest for 60 min with cardioplegia administered in the aortic root every 20 min as freshly mixed cold, intermittent, oxygenated blood. An unpaired t test was performed to evaluate differences between genders. consolidates the reporting of z-scores and reference ranges for the aortic root, based on numerous available publications. The mean age for this group was 58 13 years. government site. 2022 Aug 26. doi: 10.1007/s00392-022-02086-z. BSA is calculated using the method of Dubois and Dubois. Aortic Size Assessment by Noncontrast Cardiac Computed Tomography: Normal Limits by Age, Gender, and Body Surface Area. 2D echocardiography; Aorta; Aortic root dimensions. the calculated cross-sectional aortic area. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! . and transmitted securely. Hypertension has also been frequently reported to increase the diameters of large arteries . The diameter of the AA, typically measured at the level of the right pulmonary artery, is used to define the dimensions of the AA. limits in relation to age, body size and gender of two-dimensional echocardiographic aortic root dimensions in persons 15 years of age. Disclaimer. in aortic root dimensions are small and fall within the established limits for the general population. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. This calculator allows one to determine the ascending aorta morphology on the basis of anthropometric parameters. Normal Values of Right Atrial Size and Function According to Age, Sex, and Ethnicity: Results of the World Alliance Societies of Echocardiography Study. Gross anatomy. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help International guidelines use uncorrected aortic diameter to estimate the risks of aortic dissection, rupture, or death among patients with TAAA. Epub 2020 Nov 17. The predictive value of AHI and aorta diameter indexed to BSA (aortic size index [ASI]) was compared. 2021 Dec;37(12):3513-3524. doi: 10.1007/s10554-021-02354-5. Those with aortic size index 2.5 cm/m 2 are at highest risk for aortic dissection. Any change in the value will pose trouble for any individual because the contraction and expansion make it difficult for the blood to flow smoothly through the aorta. Tribouilloy C, Bohbot Y, Marchaux S, Debry N, Delpierre Q, Peltier M, Diouf M, Slama M, Messika-Zeitoun D, Rusinaru D. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. Cookie policy. Reproducibility of aortic measurements was determined in 50 subjects randomly selected. M-mode measurements, performed in the parasternal long-axis viewwith the patient in the left lateral position, included left ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole, interventricular septum in diastole, and posterior wall in diastole. V xl/workbook.xmlTn0?+Z,y,( q/4EYD$R%FPe.o,SK` *S.v Y/!FB TAA size is the strongest predictor of acute aortic syndromes. They had lower BP but higher heart rate. AHI categories 3.05-3.69, 3.70-4.34, and 4.35 cm/m were associated with a significantly increased risk of complications (p < 0.05). The normal aortic diameter (AD) varies with gender, age and body surface area (BSA). Exclusion criteria were coronary artery disease, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, valvular or congenital heart disease, bicuspid aortic valve, congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathies, sinus tachycardia, use of illicit drugs, elite athletes, and inadequate echocardiographic image quality. Adult individuals free of heart, lung, and kidney disease were prospectively enrolled from 15 countries, with even distributions among sexes and age groups: young (18-40 years), middle aged (41-65 years) and old (>65 years). 2012 Oct 15;110(8):1189-94. Please quote your membership Epub 2020 Jan 9. There was a straight correlation between aortic diameters (absolute and indexed values), their ratios, and age in both genders (p= 0.0001). 1. 8600 Rockville Pike The new guideline will not affect the March 2020 written exam. [Content_Types].xml ( UN0#q)jpic- 31P!EU+KL7YwHhixJwDQ.xP/XpJDZJ54 eCollection 2022 Feb. Korean Circ J. We previously introduced the aortic size index (ASI), defined as aortic size/body surface area (BSA), as a predictor of aortic dissection, rupture, and death. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Its highest and lowest points are located at each of the three commissures and between any two of them, respectively. Example of 2D echocardiographic measurements, Example of 2D echocardiographic measurements of aortic dimensions at the level of the, Nomograms of aortic dimensions at the SoV level according to different calculated BSA,, Nomograms of aortic dimensions at the SoV level according to different heights for, MeSH Last updated: 30 Mar 2013|Home|About|Contact|Disclaimer|Top, measurements are made in systole, at the moment of maximum expansion, measurements are made from "inside edge-to-inside" edge, i.e., the intraluminal dimension, the aortic valve is measured from the hinge points (inner edges), vascular measurements are made perpendicular to the long axis of the vessel, vascular measurements are made at end-diastole, measurements are made from "leading edge-to-leading edge". The prevalence of severe stenosis increased with the AVAindex criterion compared to AVA from 71% to 80% in the retrospective cohort, and from 29% to 44% in SEAS (both p<0.001). Am J Cardiol. This is because BSA was previously found to have a greater association with thoracic aortic diameter than BMI does (6,7), and BSA was the body size variable that entered into selection models most frequently. Three models were developed in multiple regression analysis to explain aortic dimensions. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). SE1 0LH, Company number:04480121 Ligurian Group of SIEC (Italian Society of Echocardiography)]. Outcome Implication of Aortic Valve Area Normalized to Body Size in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.014609. Roman et al. This website was funded in part by an education grant from the Chu and Chan Foundation | Website by: HeartSpark Design | Photography by: Tim Joyce Photography and Rick Guidotti. Using aortic size index, patients were stratified into three risk groups: less than 2.75 cm/m 2 are at low risk (approximately 4% per year), 2.75 to 4.24 cm/m 2 are at moderate risk (approximately 8% per year), and those above 4.25 cm/m 2 are at high risk (approximately 20% per year). To investigate the influence of indexation on the prevalence of severe aortic stenosis and on the predictive accuracy regarding clinical outcome. Gender differences are then accounted for by indexing the volume to body surface area (BSA) via the Mosteller equation. Left ventricular (LV) mass was calculated by the Penn convention and indexed for BSA. Indexed aorta diameter was defined as aortic diameter divided by BSA. Nomograms of aortic dimensions at the SoV level according to different heights for three age groups. Cut-off values for severe stenosis are <1.0 cm 2 for AVA and <0.6 cm 2 /m 2 for AVA index. See this image and copyright information in PMC. X X-Axis value Y Y-Axis value Calculate Age Range (yr) Unspecified BSA Range (m^2) Unspecified BMI Range (kg/m^2) Unspecified Z-Score (Undefined) The predictive value of AHI and aorta diameter indexed to BSA (aortic size index [ASI]) was compared. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies However, especially among obese individuals, weight probably does not play as important a role as does height in indexing various measures to body size. government site. Stay tuned! Data analysis was performed using SYSTAT, version 12 (University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois). Echocardiographic assessment of aortic stenosis: a practical guideline from the British Society of Echocardiography. The hearts were formalin-fixed and the valve circumference data were transformed into valve diameters. Sex Age [years] 60 Height [cm] 175 Weight [kg] 80 ascending aorta diameter, mean [mm] ascending aorta diameter, +2SD [mm] (threshold diameter) ascending aorta length, mean [mm] Derivation from the graph published in the article (figure 2) was therefore necessary. An aneurysm is a weak spot in a blood vessel wall. Sign up to get the latest news and updates from The Marfan Foundation. Normal limits in relation to age, body size and gender of two-dimensional echocardiographic aortic root dimensions in persons 15 years of age. E s xl/_rels/workbook.xml.rels ( j0}}?{Rv !FV?}k%o3!|9C?|M kkKE`-jS ~z4lz@vooHOPFbP0}9* v`hJWNgI'?9mVlG_;tx&3j ?\ZH T32 HL007381/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States. The annulus, which lacks a planar structure, is compressed to the round-shaped prosthesis after conventional AVR. The reported ranges of aortic root diameters are limited by small sample size, different mesurements sites, and heterogeneous cohorts. Soulat-Dufour L, Addetia K, Miyoshi T, Citro R, Daimon M, Fajardo PG, Kasliwal RR, Kirkpatrick JN, Monaghan MJ, Muraru D, Ogunyankin KO, Park SW, Ronderos RE, Sadeghpour A, Scalia GM, Takeuchi M, Tsang W, Tucay ES, Tude Rodrigues AC, Vivekanandan A, Zhang Y, Diehl M, Schreckenberg M, Mor-Avi V, Asch FM, Lang RM; WASE Investigators. BSA was calculated according to the DuBois formula [0.20247 height (m) 0.725 weight (kg) 0.425]. Currently, different echocardiographic nomograms are used to calculate aortic root Z-scores. For patients > 15 years of age and adults: utilizing diastole and leading edge-to-leading edge measurement of the sinuses of valsalva. National Library of Medicine Physical examination (height, weight, heart rate, and blood pressure [BP]) and clinical assessment were conducted according to standardized protocols by trained and certified staff members. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Role of echocardiography in aortic stenosis. Among patients with thoracic ascending aortic aneurysm (TAAA), how does aortic diameter indexed to patient height (the aortic height index [AHI]) compare with aortic diameter indexed to body surface area (BSA) for the estimation of the risk of aortic dissection, rupture, or death? to get Maximum SOV Diameter. BSA is calculated using the method of Dubois and Dubois. 8600 Rockville Pike Recent years have seen the publication of large, international, prospectively recruited studies from which the British Society of Echocardiography has now derived updated, robust reference intervals for use in echocardiographic practice within the UK. Devereux RB, de Simone G, Arnett DK, Best LG, Boerwinkle E, Howard BV, Kitzman D, Lee ET, Mosley TH Jr, Weder A, Roman MJ. Marfan's syndrome, a genetic disorder affecting fibrillin synthesis . I just wanted to let you know that even though I'm looking quite old, I'm still a millenial. 2022 Oct;52(10):721-736. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2022.0234. From June 2007 to December 2013, a total of 1,043 Caucasian healthy volunteers (mean age 44.7 15.9years, range 16 to 92 years, 503 men [48%]) underwent comprehensive TTE. Circulation2009;120 (suppl 2):s540. Historical reference intervals have often been derived from studies or echo databases that included relatively small numbers of patients. Step 2: Click the Calculate Button . Cut-off values for severe stenosis are <1.0 cm2 for AVA and <0.6 cm2/m2 for AVAindex. From June 2007 to December 2013, a sample of 1,142 consecutive apparently health adults were referred to echocardiographic laboratories of the Department of Cardiology and Emergency Medicine of San Antonio Hospital, San Daniele del Friuli, Udine, Italy and Division of Cardiology, Cava de Tirreni-Amalfi Coast, Heart Department, University Hospital of Salerno, Italy, for the purpose of presentstudy. 10 considered three age strata: younger than 20 years, 20-40 years, and older than 40 years by published equations. So I just had a "New Year, New Me" moment and my resolution is to become a new and improved version of myself in a couple of weeks. For patients > 15 years of age and adults: utilizing diastole and leading edge-to-leading edge measurement of the sinuses of valsalva. BSA 65 <1.70 1.70-1.89 1.90-2.09 2.10 3) Calculator uses expected aortic diameter from sex-, age- and BSA-stratified nomograms and SD from sex-, age- and BSA-stratified table (see Notes Worksheet) 4) The condensed yellow columns from J to BE are for conversion and coding purposes and may be ignored Predicted Diameter Female <45yr sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal 2014 Jul;100(13):1024-30. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-305225. The .gov means its official. Annulo-aortic ectasia is a combination of: 1) ascending aortic aneurysm 2) dilatation of the sinuses of Valsalva and 3) dilatation of the aortic annulus. [Dimensions of the proximal thoracic aorta from childhood to adult age: reference values for two-dimensional echocardiography. Data are presented as mean SD and median and twenty-fifth and seventy-fifth percentiles. Women were slightly older, lighter, and smaller than men. J Am Coll Cardiol Img. Gender differences in aortic root dimensions. Changes in the assessment of the aortic root: Aortic dimensions now indexed for height and not BSA, Should be obtained in end-diastole using inner-edge to inner-edge method, Whereas previously there were different reference ranges for aortic dimensions according to age, the Society now produces age-independent ranges for men and women. Doppler-derived LV diastolic inflow was recorded in the apical 4-chamber view by placing the sample volume atthe tip level of the mitral valve leaflets. There were no significant residual linear relations of age, gender, body size measurements (weight, height, or BSA) with thedifferences between observed and predicted aortic diameters. Aorta dimensions are variably dependent on age, gender, and body size. ASI (cm/m2) 2.05, 2.08-2.95, 3.00-3.95, and 4; and AHIs (cm/m) of 2.43, 2.44-3.17, 3.21-4.06, and 4.1 were associated with a 4%, 7%, 12%, and 18% average yearly risk of complications, respectively. U0# L _rels/.rels ( MO0HBKwAH!T~I$'TG~;#wqu*&rFqvGJy(v*K#FD.W =ZMYbBS7 ?9Lsbg|l!USh9ibr:"y_dlD|-NR"42G%Z4y7 PK ! The reported ranges of aortic root (AR) diameters are limited by small sample size, different measurement sites, and heterogeneous cohorts. Epub 2016 May 18. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Aneurysm surgery can save your life by preventing rupture or dissection. That's Why Valley Developed The. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential differences in aortic root measurements when aortic root Z-scores were obtained in a cohort of paediatric Marfan patients using several published nomograms. Thus, current guideline-recommended normal ranges may need to be adjusted to account for these differences. Aortic dimensions were expressed as mean, median, and twenty-fifth and seventy-fifth percentiles; the aortic dimension above the ninety-fifth percentile of the overall distribution was used as cutoff for the upper limit. 2023 American College of Cardiology Foundation. A total of 190 untreated and treated essential hypertensive patients (mean age, 5511 years) were considered for this analysis. PMC New-onset aortic dilatation in the population: a quarter-century follow-up. 2016 Jul;9(7):797-805. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.09.026. Differences among age, sex, and racial groups were evaluated using unpaired two-tailed Student's t tests. It then runs up the chest, behind the breastbone, and down the . This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The BSA and Maximum SOV Diameter (Aortic Root Diameter) is Calculated. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the The standard size of the aortic root is between 29 and 45 millimeters. Differences in Echocardiographic Measures of Aortic Dimensions by Race. The standard size of the aortic root is between 29 and 45 millimeters. Conclusions: Normal TEE Cardiac Dimensions Normal Adult Thoracic Aortic Diameters Sex Differences in Aortic Root Dimensions in Adults From: 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Thoracic Aortic Disease: Executive Summary DuBois D, DuBois EF. This document suggests a number of changes to currently used reference intervals, and in some circumstances this may lead to an individual who was previously labeled as abnormal now being seen as normal (and vice versa).